Technical

Glass Yarn

Glass fiber filaments are obtained by high-temperature melting of inorganic materials which are drawn through a platinum-rhodium bushing, and then rapidly cooled. Glass yarn is formed by combining more single filaments, between 4 to 13 microns depending on yarn count, in a continuous strand.

Different glass yarn types are obtained according to the materials used:

  • E – higher electrical characteristics yarn
  • C – corrosion-proof, high chemical resistance yarn
  • ECR – “Boron-free” E glass yarn which shows better corrosion resistance performance
  • R, S, T and S-2 – high tensile strength and high modulus of elasticity yarns

 

Glass Yarn Nomenclature
Each of the two most used systems (SI system and US system) has its own Yarn Nomenclature as follows:

US System
  • Glass Composition: E=Electrical; C=Chemical; S=High Strength, etc
  • Type of Filament: C=Continuous; S=Staple; T=Texturized
  • Filament Diameter: D=5 micrometers ; DE= 6mc; E=7mc; G=9mc, etc
  • Yield Designation: 100 yards/lb. nominal bare glass in basic strand
  • Number of single strands twisted into continuous filament ends/Number of twisted strands plied together;
  • Number of turns per inch in the twist of the final yarn
  • Direction of twist: S=S direction; Z=Z direction

 

Example: E C G 75 1/2 2.8 S

E = electrical glass
C = continuous filament
G = average filament diameter
75 = 7,500 yards/lb. nominal bare glass in basic strand
1/2 = one ply of 2-strand construction
2.8 = the number of turns per inch (TPI) in the twist of the final yarn
S = the direction of the twist

SI System
  • Glass Composition: E=Electrical; C=Chemical; S=High Strength, etc
  • Type of Filament: C=Continuous; S=Staple; T=Texturized
  • Filament Diameter: diameter value expressed in micrometers
  • Yield Designation: Tex value (g/1000ml of yarn)
  • Number of single strands twisted into continuous filament ends x Number of twisted strands plied together;
  • Number of turns per meter in the twist of the final yarn
  • Direction of twist: S=S direction; Z=Z direction

 

Example: E C 9 68 1×2 112 S

E = electrical glass
C = continuous filament
9 = 9 micrometers
68 = 68 grams per 1,000 meters of yarn
1×2 = one ply of 2-strand construction (total 2 basic strands)
112 = the number of turns per meter (TPM) in the twist of the final yarn
S = the direction of the twist